{"title":"AdmitNurse AI tutor blind test: 461 TEAS-style science questions","page":"https://admitnurse.com/ai-accuracy/","summary":{"right":434,"total":461,"percent":94.1,"wilson_95":[91.6,95.9],"missed":27},"method":{"model":"google/gemini-2.5-flash","blind":true,"model_saw":"an instruction, the question and its options (never the answer key)","instruction":"You are a candidate taking the TEAS-style science course questions (anatomy, biology, chemistry), not official TEAS exam. Choose the single best option. 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Download for free at https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology. License: CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","“Biology” by Connie Rye, Robert Wise, Vladimir Jurukovski, Jean DeSaix, Jung Choi, Yael Avissar; OpenStax, Rice University (2013), 1st edition. Download for free at https://openstax.org/details/books/biology. License: CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)."],"changes":"Review questions were converted from the PDF to plain text, option letters were capitalized and punctuation was simplified in 3 items (dashes replaced). Only questions with a letter in the book’s own Answer Key were used, and questions that need a figure were left out. The answer key is the book’s own.","not_affiliated":"AdmitNurse is not affiliated with or endorsed by OpenStax, Rice University or the authors. TEAS is a registered trademark of Assessment Technologies Institute, LLC (ATI). 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________.","options":{"A":"endothelium, mesothelium, and epithelium","B":"ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm","C":"connective tissue, epithelial tissue, and muscle tissue","D":"epidermis, mesoderm, and endothelium"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":41,"id":"ap1e-04-012","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":4,"chapter":"The Tissue Level of Organization","review_question":12,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"In observing epithelial cells under a microscope, the cells are arranged in a single layer and look tall and narrow, and the nucleus is located close to the basal side of the cell. 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Which organelles do you expect to find in abundance in skeletal muscle cell?","options":{"A":"nuclei","B":"striations","C":"golgi bodies","D":"mitochondria"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":48,"id":"ap1e-04-026","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":4,"chapter":"The Tissue Level of Organization","review_question":26,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The nerve impulse travels down a(n) ________, away from the cell body.","options":{"A":"dendrite","B":"axon","C":"microglia","D":"collagen fiber"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":49,"id":"ap1e-04-028","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":4,"chapter":"The Tissue Level of Organization","review_question":28,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following processes is not a cardinal sign of inflammation?","options":{"A":"redness","B":"heat","C":"fever","D":"swelling"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":50,"id":"ap1e-04-030","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":4,"chapter":"The Tissue Level of Organization","review_question":30,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Atrophy refers to ________.","options":{"A":"loss of elasticity","B":"loss of mass","C":"loss of rigidity","D":"loss of permeability"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":51,"id":"ap1e-05-005","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"The Integumentary System","review_question":5,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The papillary layer of the dermis is most closely associated with which layer of the epidermis?","options":{"A":"stratum spinosum","B":"stratum corneum","C":"stratum granulosum","D":"stratum basale"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":52,"id":"ap1e-05-007","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"The Integumentary System","review_question":7,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The papillary and reticular layers of the dermis are composed mainly of ________.","options":{"A":"melanocytes","B":"keratinocytes","C":"connective tissue","D":"adipose tissue"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":53,"id":"ap1e-05-009","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"The Integumentary System","review_question":9,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following is not a function of the hypodermis?","options":{"A":"protects underlying organs","B":"helps maintain body temperature","C":"source of blood vessels in the epidermis","D":"a site to long-term energy storage"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":54,"id":"ap1e-05-011","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"The Integumentary System","review_question":11,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The hair matrix contains ________.","options":{"A":"the hair follicle","B":"the hair shaft","C":"the glassy membrane","D":"a layer of basal cells"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":55,"id":"ap1e-05-013","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"The Integumentary System","review_question":13,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Sebaceous glands ________.","options":{"A":"are a type of sweat gland","B":"are associated with hair follicles","C":"may function in response to touch","D":"release a watery solution of salt and metabolic waste"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":56,"id":"ap1e-05-015","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"The Integumentary System","review_question":15,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"In humans, exposure of the skin to sunlight is required for ________.","options":{"A":"vitamin D synthesis","B":"arteriole constriction","C":"folate production","D":"thermoregulation"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":57,"id":"ap1e-05-017","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"The Integumentary System","review_question":17,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"An individual using a sharp knife notices a small amount of blood where he just cut himself. Which of the following layers of skin did he have to cut into in order to bleed?","options":{"A":"stratum corneum","B":"stratum basale","C":"papillary dermis","D":"stratum granulosum"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":58,"id":"ap1e-05-019","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"The Integumentary System","review_question":19,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"If you cut yourself and bacteria enter the wound, which of the following cells would help get rid of the bacteria?","options":{"A":"Merkel cells","B":"keratinocytes","C":"Langerhans cells","D":"melanocytes"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":59,"id":"ap1e-05-021","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"The Integumentary System","review_question":21,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Bedsores ________.","options":{"A":"can be treated with topical moisturizers","B":"can result from deep massages","C":"are preventable by eliminating pressure points","D":"are caused by dry skin"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":60,"id":"ap1e-05-023","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"The Integumentary System","review_question":23,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"After a skin injury, the body initiates a wound-healing response. The first step of this response is the formation of a blood clot to stop bleeding. Which of the following would be the next response?","options":{"A":"increased production of melanin by melanocytes","B":"increased production of connective tissue","C":"an increase in Pacinian corpuscles around the wound","D":"an increased activity in the stratum lucidum"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":61,"id":"ap1e-06-001","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":1,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which function of the skeletal system would be especially important if you were in a car accident?","options":{"A":"storage of minerals","B":"protection of internal organs","C":"facilitation of movement","D":"fat storage"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":62,"id":"ap1e-06-003","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":3,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Without red marrow, bones would not be able to ________.","options":{"A":"store phosphate","B":"store calcium","C":"make blood cells","D":"move like levers"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":63,"id":"ap1e-06-005","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":5,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following can be found in areas of movement?","options":{"A":"hematopoiesis","B":"cartilage","C":"yellow marrow","D":"red marrow"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":64,"id":"ap1e-06-007","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":7,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Most of the bones of the arms and hands are long bones; however, the bones in the wrist are categorized as ________.","options":{"A":"flat bones","B":"short bones","C":"sesamoid bones","D":"irregular bones"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":65,"id":"ap1e-06-009","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":9,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Bones that surround the spinal cord are classified as ________ bones.","options":{"A":"irregular","B":"sesamoid","C":"flat","D":"short"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":66,"id":"ap1e-06-011","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":11,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Long bones enable body movement by acting as a ________.","options":{"A":"counterweight","B":"resistive force","C":"lever","D":"fulcrum"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":67,"id":"ap1e-06-013","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":13,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The diaphysis contains ________.","options":{"A":"the metaphysis","B":"fat stores","C":"spongy bone","D":"compact bone"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"D","right":false},{"n":68,"id":"ap1e-06-015","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":15,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following are incapable of undergoing mitosis?","options":{"A":"osteoblasts and osteoclasts","B":"osteocytes and osteoclasts","C":"osteoblasts and osteocytes","D":"osteogenic cells and osteoclasts"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"B","right":false},{"n":69,"id":"ap1e-06-017","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":17,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following are found in compact bone and cancellous bone?","options":{"A":"Haversian systems","B":"Haversian canals","C":"lamellae","D":"lacunae"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"D","right":false},{"n":70,"id":"ap1e-06-019","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":19,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The area of a bone where the nutrient foramen passes forms what kind of bone marking?","options":{"A":"a hole","B":"a facet","C":"a canal","D":"a fissure"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":71,"id":"ap1e-06-021","book":"Anatomy and 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cranium"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":73,"id":"ap1e-06-025","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":25,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Bones grow in diameter due to bone formation ________.","options":{"A":"in the medullary cavity","B":"beneath the periosteum","C":"in the epiphyseal plate","D":"within the metaphysis"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":74,"id":"ap1e-06-027","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":27,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"A fracture can be both ________.","options":{"A":"open and closed","B":"open and transverse","C":"transverse and greenstick","D":"greenstick and comminuted"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"A","right":false},{"n":75,"id":"ap1e-06-029","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":29,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"In a compound fracture, ________.","options":{"A":"the break occurs at an angle to the bone","B":"the broken bone does not tear the skin","C":"one fragment of broken bone is compressed into the other","D":"broken bone pierces the skin"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":76,"id":"ap1e-06-031","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":31,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The first type of bone to form during fracture repair is ________ bone.","options":{"A":"compact","B":"lamellar","C":"spongy","D":"dense"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":77,"id":"ap1e-06-033","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":33,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine if ________ is lacking.","options":{"A":"vitamin D","B":"vitamin K","C":"calcitonin","D":"fluoride"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":78,"id":"ap1e-06-035","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":35,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following hormones are responsible for the adolescent growth spurt?","options":{"A":"estrogen and testosterone","B":"calcitonin and calcitriol","C":"growth hormone and parathyroid hormone","D":"thyroxine and progesterone"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":79,"id":"ap1e-06-037","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":37,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"When calcium levels are too high or too low, which body system is primarily affected?","options":{"A":"skeletal system","B":"endocrine system","C":"digestive system","D":"nervous system"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"B","right":false},{"n":80,"id":"ap1e-06-039","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System","review_question":39,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following is most likely to be released when blood calcium levels are elevated?","options":{"A":"thyroxine","B":"calcitonin","C":"parathyroid hormone","D":"vitamin D"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":81,"id":"ap1e-07-007","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":7,"chapter":"Axial Skeleton","review_question":7,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following is part of the axial skeleton?","options":{"A":"shoulder bones","B":"thigh bone","C":"foot bones","D":"vertebral column"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":82,"id":"ap1e-07-009","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":7,"chapter":"Axial Skeleton","review_question":9,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The axial skeleton ________.","options":{"A":"consists of 126 bones","B":"forms the vertical axis of the body","C":"includes all bones of the body trunk and limbs","D":"includes only the bones of the lower limbs"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":83,"id":"ap1e-07-011","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":7,"chapter":"Axial Skeleton","review_question":11,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The lambdoid suture joins the parietal bone to the ________.","options":{"A":"frontal bone","B":"occipital bone","C":"other parietal bone","D":"temporal bone"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":84,"id":"ap1e-07-013","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":7,"chapter":"Axial Skeleton","review_question":13,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The paranasal sinuses are ________.","options":{"A":"air-filled spaces found within the frontal, maxilla, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones only","B":"air-filled spaces found within all bones of the skull","C":"not connected to the nasal cavity","D":"divided at the midline by the nasal septum"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":85,"id":"ap1e-07-015","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":7,"chapter":"Axial Skeleton","review_question":15,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The bony openings of the skull include the ________.","options":{"A":"carotid canal, which is located in the anterior cranial fossa","B":"superior orbital fissure, which is located at the superior margin of the anterior orbit","C":"mental foramen, which is located just below the orbit","D":"hypoglossal canal, which is located in the posterior cranial fossa"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":86,"id":"ap1e-07-017","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":7,"chapter":"Axial Skeleton","review_question":17,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The primary curvatures of the vertebral column ________.","options":{"A":"include the lumbar curve","B":"are remnants of the original fetal curvature","C":"include the cervical curve","D":"develop after the time of birth"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":87,"id":"ap1e-07-019","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":7,"chapter":"Axial Skeleton","review_question":19,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"A typical lumbar vertebra has ________.","options":{"A":"a short, rounded spinous process","B":"a bifid spinous process","C":"articulation sites for ribs","D":"a transverse foramen"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":88,"id":"ap1e-07-021","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":7,"chapter":"Axial Skeleton","review_question":21,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The sternum ________.","options":{"A":"consists of only two parts, the manubrium and xiphoid process","B":"has the sternal angle located between the manubrium and body","C":"receives direct attachments from the costal cartilages of all 12 pairs of ribs","D":"articulates directly with the thoracic vertebrae"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":89,"id":"ap1e-07-023","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":7,"chapter":"Axial Skeleton","review_question":23,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The tubercle of a rib ________.","options":{"A":"is for articulation with the transverse process of a thoracic vertebra","B":"is for articulation with the body of a thoracic vertebra","C":"provides for passage of blood vessels and a nerve","D":"is the area of greatest rib curvature"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":90,"id":"ap1e-07-025","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":7,"chapter":"Axial Skeleton","review_question":25,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Embryonic development of the axial skeleton involves ________.","options":{"A":"intramembranous ossification, which forms the facial bones.","B":"endochondral ossification, which forms the ribs and sternum","C":"the notochord, which produces the cartilage models for the vertebrae","D":"the formation of hyaline cartilage models, which give rise to the flat bones of the skull"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":91,"id":"ap1e-08-010","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":8,"chapter":"The Appendicular Skeleton","review_question":10,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which part of the clavicle articulates with the manubrium?","options":{"A":"shaft","B":"sternal end","C":"acromial end","D":"coracoid process"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":92,"id":"ap1e-08-012","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":8,"chapter":"The Appendicular Skeleton","review_question":12,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which feature lies between the spine and superior border of the scapula?","options":{"A":"suprascapular notch","B":"glenoid cavity","C":"superior angle","D":"supraspinous fossa"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"A","right":false},{"n":93,"id":"ap1e-08-014","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":8,"chapter":"The Appendicular Skeleton","review_question":14,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Name the short, hook-like bony process of the scapula that projects anteriorly.","options":{"A":"acromial process","B":"clavicle","C":"coracoid process","D":"glenoid fossa"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":94,"id":"ap1e-08-016","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":8,"chapter":"The Appendicular Skeleton","review_question":16,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which bony landmark is located on the lateral side of the proximal humerus?","options":{"A":"greater tubercle","B":"trochlea","C":"lateral epicondyle","D":"lesser tubercle"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":95,"id":"ap1e-08-018","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":8,"chapter":"The Appendicular Skeleton","review_question":18,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which is the lateral-most carpal bone of the proximal row?","options":{"A":"trapezium","B":"hamate","C":"pisiform","D":"scaphoid"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":96,"id":"ap1e-08-020","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":8,"chapter":"The Appendicular Skeleton","review_question":20,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"How many bones fuse in adulthood to form the hip bone?","options":{"A":"2","B":"3","C":"4","D":"5"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":97,"id":"ap1e-08-022","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":8,"chapter":"The Appendicular Skeleton","review_question":22,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following supports body weight when sitting?","options":{"A":"iliac crest","B":"ischial tuberosity","C":"ischiopubic ramus","D":"pubic body"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":98,"id":"ap1e-08-024","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":8,"chapter":"The Appendicular Skeleton","review_question":24,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The pelvis ________.","options":{"A":"has a subpubic angle that is larger in females","B":"consists of the two hip bones, but does not include the sacrum or coccyx","C":"has an obturator foramen, an opening that is defined in part by the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments","D":"has a space located inferior to the pelvic brim called the greater pelvis"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":99,"id":"ap1e-08-026","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":8,"chapter":"The Appendicular Skeleton","review_question":26,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"What structure contributes to the knee joint?","options":{"A":"lateral malleolus of the fibula","B":"tibial tuberosity","C":"medial condyle of the tibia","D":"lateral epicondyle of the femur"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":100,"id":"ap1e-08-028","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":8,"chapter":"The Appendicular Skeleton","review_question":28,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"What is the total number of bones found in the foot and toes?","options":{"A":"7","B":"14","C":"26","D":"30"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":101,"id":"ap1e-08-030","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":8,"chapter":"The Appendicular Skeleton","review_question":30,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which event takes place during the seventh week of development?","options":{"A":"appearance of the upper and lower limb buds","B":"flattening of the distal limb bud into a paddle shape","C":"the first appearance of hyaline cartilage models of future bones","D":"the rotation of the limbs"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":102,"id":"ap1e-08-032","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":8,"chapter":"The Appendicular Skeleton","review_question":32,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The clavicle ________.","options":{"A":"develops via intramembranous ossification","B":"develops via endochondral ossification","C":"is the last bone of the body to begin ossification","D":"is fully ossified at the time of birth"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":103,"id":"ap1e-09-020","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":20,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The joint between adjacent vertebrae that includes an invertebral disc is classified as which type of joint?","options":{"A":"diarthrosis","B":"multiaxial","C":"amphiarthrosis","D":"synarthrosis"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":104,"id":"ap1e-09-022","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":22,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of these joints is classified as a biaxial diarthrosis?","options":{"A":"the metacarpophalangeal joint","B":"the hip joint","C":"the elbow joint","D":"the pubic symphysis"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":105,"id":"ap1e-09-024","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":24,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which type of fibrous joint connects the tibia and fibula?","options":{"A":"syndesmosis","B":"symphysis","C":"suture","D":"gomphosis"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":106,"id":"ap1e-09-026","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":26,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"A gomphosis ________.","options":{"A":"is formed by an interosseous membrane","B":"connects the tibia and fibula bones of the leg","C":"contains a joint cavity","D":"anchors a tooth to the jaw"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":107,"id":"ap1e-09-028","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":28,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"A cartilaginous joint ________.","options":{"A":"has a joint cavity","B":"is called a symphysis when the bones are united by fibrocartilage","C":"anchors the teeth to the jaws","D":"is formed by a wide sheet of fibrous connective tissue"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":108,"id":"ap1e-09-030","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":30,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following are joined by a symphysis?","options":{"A":"adjacent vertebrae","B":"the first rib and the sternum","C":"the end and shaft of a long bone","D":"the radius and ulna bones"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":109,"id":"ap1e-09-032","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":32,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which type of joint provides the greatest range of motion?","options":{"A":"ball-and-socket","B":"hinge","C":"condyloid","D":"plane"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":110,"id":"ap1e-09-034","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":34,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following is a type of synovial joint?","options":{"A":"a synostosis","B":"a suture","C":"a plane joint","D":"a synchondrosis"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":111,"id":"ap1e-09-036","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":36,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"At synovial joints, ________.","options":{"A":"the articulating ends of the bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue","B":"the ends of the bones are enclosed within a space called a subcutaneous bursa","C":"intrinsic ligaments are located entirely inside of the articular capsule","D":"the joint cavity is filled with a thick, lubricating fluid"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":112,"id":"ap1e-09-038","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":38,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Condyloid joints ________.","options":{"A":"are a type of ball-and-socket joint","B":"include the radiocarpal joint","C":"are a uniaxial diarthrosis joint","D":"are found at the proximal radioulnar joint"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":113,"id":"ap1e-09-040","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":40,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The joints between the articular processes of adjacent vertebrae can contribute to which movement?","options":{"A":"lateral flexion","B":"circumduction","C":"dorsiflexion","D":"abduction"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":114,"id":"ap1e-09-042","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":42,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Movement of a body region in a circular movement at a condyloid joint is what type of motion?","options":{"A":"rotation","B":"elevation","C":"abduction","D":"circumduction"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":115,"id":"ap1e-09-044","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":44,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Movement at the shoulder joint that moves the upper limb laterally away from the body is called ________.","options":{"A":"elevation","B":"eversion","C":"abduction","D":"lateral rotation"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":116,"id":"ap1e-09-046","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":46,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The proximal radioulnar joint ________.","options":{"A":"is supported by the annular ligament","B":"contains an articular disc that strongly unites the bones","C":"is supported by the ulnar collateral ligament","D":"is a hinge joint that allows for flexion/extension of the forearm"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":117,"id":"ap1e-09-048","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":48,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The ankle joint ________.","options":{"A":"is also called the subtalar joint","B":"allows for gliding movements that produce inversion/eversion of the foot","C":"is a uniaxial hinge joint","D":"is supported by the tibial collateral ligament on the lateral side"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":118,"id":"ap1e-09-050","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":50,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Intramembranous ossification ________.","options":{"A":"gives rise to the bones of the limbs","B":"produces the bones of the top and sides of the skull","C":"produces the bones of the face and base of the skull","D":"involves the conversion of a hyaline cartilage model into bone"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":119,"id":"ap1e-09-052","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":9,"chapter":"Joints","review_question":52,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Endochondral ossification is ________.","options":{"A":"the process that replaces hyaline cartilage with bone tissue","B":"the process by which mesenchyme differentiates directly into bone tissue","C":"completed before birth","D":"the process that gives rise to the joint interzone and future joint cavity"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":120,"id":"ap1e-10-004","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Muscle Tissue","review_question":4,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Muscle that has a striped appearance is described as being ________.","options":{"A":"elastic","B":"nonstriated","C":"excitable","D":"striated"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":121,"id":"ap1e-10-006","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Muscle Tissue","review_question":6,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following properties is not common to all three muscle tissues?","options":{"A":"excitability","B":"the need for ATP","C":"at rest, uses shielding proteins to cover actin-binding sites","D":"elasticity"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":122,"id":"ap1e-10-008","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Muscle Tissue","review_question":8,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Depolarization of the sarcolemma means ________.","options":{"A":"the inside of the membrane has become less negative as sodium ions accumulate","B":"the outside of the membrane has become less negative as sodium ions accumulate","C":"the inside of the membrane has become more negative as sodium ions accumulate","D":"the sarcolemma has completely lost any electrical charge"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":123,"id":"ap1e-10-010","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Muscle Tissue","review_question":10,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"According to the sliding filament model, binding sites on actin open when ________.","options":{"A":"creatine phosphate levels rise","B":"ATP levels rise","C":"acetylcholine levels rise","D":"calcium ion levels rise"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":124,"id":"ap1e-10-012","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Muscle Tissue","review_question":12,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Muscle relaxation occurs when ________.","options":{"A":"calcium ions are actively transported out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum","B":"calcium ions diffuse out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum","C":"calcium ions are actively transported into the sarcoplasmic reticulum","D":"calcium ions diffuse into the sarcoplasmic reticulum"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":125,"id":"ap1e-10-014","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Muscle Tissue","review_question":14,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Thin and thick filaments are organized into functional units called ________.","options":{"A":"myofibrils","B":"myofilaments","C":"T-tubules","D":"sarcomeres"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":126,"id":"ap1e-10-016","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Muscle Tissue","review_question":16,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Muscle fatigue is caused by ________.","options":{"A":"buildup of ATP and lactic acid levels","B":"exhaustion of energy reserves and buildup of lactic acid levels","C":"buildup of ATP and pyruvic acid levels","D":"exhaustion of energy reserves and buildup of pyruvic acid levels"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":127,"id":"ap1e-10-018","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Muscle Tissue","review_question":18,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"What aspect of creatine phosphate allows it to supply energy to muscles?","options":{"A":"ATPase activity","B":"phosphate bonds","C":"carbon bonds","D":"hydrogen bonds"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":128,"id":"ap1e-10-020","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Muscle Tissue","review_question":20,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The muscles of a professional sprinter are most likely to have ________.","options":{"A":"80 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 20 percent slow-twitch muscle fibers","B":"20 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 80 percent slow-twitch muscle fibers","C":"50 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 50 percent slow-twitch muscle fibers","D":"40 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 60 percent slow-twitch muscle fibers"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":129,"id":"ap1e-10-022","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Muscle Tissue","review_question":22,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following statements is true?","options":{"A":"Fast fibers have a small diameter.","B":"Fast fibers contain loosely packed myofibrils.","C":"Fast fibers have large glycogen reserves.","D":"Fast fibers have many mitochondria."},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":130,"id":"ap1e-10-024","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Muscle Tissue","review_question":24,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Cardiac muscles differ from skeletal muscles in that they ________.","options":{"A":"are striated","B":"utilize aerobic metabolism","C":"contain myofibrils","D":"contain intercalated discs"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":131,"id":"ap1e-10-026","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Muscle Tissue","review_question":26,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Smooth muscles differ from skeletal and cardiac muscles in that they ________.","options":{"A":"lack myofibrils","B":"are under voluntary control","C":"lack myosin","D":"lack actin"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":132,"id":"ap1e-10-028","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Muscle Tissue","review_question":28,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"From which embryonic cell type does muscle tissue develop?","options":{"A":"ganglion cells","B":"myotube cells","C":"myoblast cells","D":"satellite cells"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":133,"id":"ap1e-11-001","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"The Muscular System","review_question":1,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following is unique to the muscles of facial expression?","options":{"A":"They all originate from the scalp musculature.","B":"They insert onto the cartilage found around the face.","C":"They only insert onto the facial bones.","D":"They insert into the skin."},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":134,"id":"ap1e-11-003","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"The Muscular System","review_question":3,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following statements is correct about what happens during flexion?","options":{"A":"The angle between bones is increased.","B":"The angle between bones is decreased.","C":"The bone moves away from the body.","D":"The bone moves toward the center of the body."},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":135,"id":"ap1e-11-005","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"The Muscular System","review_question":5,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which muscle has a convergent pattern of fascicles?","options":{"A":"biceps brachii","B":"gluteus maximus","C":"pectoralis major","D":"rectus femoris"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":136,"id":"ap1e-11-007","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"The Muscular System","review_question":7,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which arrangement best describes a bipennate muscle?","options":{"A":"The muscle fibers feed in on an angle to a long tendon from both sides.","B":"The muscle fibers feed in on an angle to a long tendon from all directions.","C":"The muscle fibers feed in on an angle to a long tendon from one side.","D":"The muscle fibers on one side of a tendon feed into it at a certain angle and muscle fibers on the other side of the tendon feed into it at the opposite angle."},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":137,"id":"ap1e-11-009","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"The Muscular System","review_question":9,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Where is the temporalis muscle located?","options":{"A":"on the forehead","B":"in the neck","C":"on the side of the head","D":"on the chin"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":138,"id":"ap1e-11-011","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"The Muscular System","review_question":11,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following terms would be used in the name of a muscle that moves the leg away from the body?","options":{"A":"flexor","B":"adductor","C":"extensor","D":"abductor"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":139,"id":"ap1e-11-013","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"The Muscular System","review_question":13,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Where is the inferior oblique muscle located?","options":{"A":"in the abdomen","B":"in the eye socket","C":"in the anterior neck","D":"in the face"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":140,"id":"ap1e-11-015","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"The Muscular System","review_question":15,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The names of the extrinsic tongue muscles commonly end in ________.","options":{"A":"-glottis","B":"-glossus","C":"-gluteus","D":"-hyoid"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":141,"id":"ap1e-11-017","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"The Muscular System","review_question":17,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following abdominal muscles is not a part of the anterior abdominal wall?","options":{"A":"quadratus lumborum","B":"rectus abdominis","C":"interior oblique","D":"exterior oblique"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":142,"id":"ap1e-11-019","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"The Muscular System","review_question":19,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"What is the linea alba?","options":{"A":"a small muscle that helps with compression of the abdominal organs","B":"a long tendon that runs down the middle of the rectus abdominis","C":"a long band of collagen fibers that connects the hip to the knee","D":"another name for the tendinous inscription"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":143,"id":"ap1e-11-021","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"The Muscular System","review_question":21,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which muscle extends the forearm?","options":{"A":"biceps brachii","B":"triceps brachii","C":"brachialis","D":"deltoid"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":144,"id":"ap1e-11-023","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"The Muscular System","review_question":23,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which muscles stabilize the pectoral girdle?","options":{"A":"axial and scapular","B":"axial","C":"appendicular","D":"axial and appendicular"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":145,"id":"ap1e-11-025","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"The Muscular System","review_question":25,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which muscle produces movement that allows you to cross your legs?","options":{"A":"the gluteus maximus","B":"the piriformis","C":"the gracilis","D":"the sartorius"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":146,"id":"ap1e-11-027","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"The Muscular System","review_question":27,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The vastus intermedius muscle is deep to which of the following muscles?","options":{"A":"biceps femoris","B":"rectus femoris","C":"vastus medialis","D":"vastus lateralis"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":147,"id":"ap1e-12-009","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":12,"chapter":"The Nervous System and Nervous Tissue","review_question":9,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following cavities contains a component of the central nervous system?","options":{"A":"abdominal","B":"pelvic","C":"cranial","D":"thoracic"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":148,"id":"ap1e-12-011","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":12,"chapter":"The Nervous System and Nervous Tissue","review_question":11,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which part of a neuron transmits an electrical signal to a target cell?","options":{"A":"dendrites","B":"soma","C":"cell body","D":"axon"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":149,"id":"ap1e-12-013","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":12,"chapter":"The Nervous System and Nervous Tissue","review_question":13,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which functional division of the nervous system would be responsible for the physiological changes seen during exercise (e.g., increased heart rate and sweating)?","options":{"A":"somatic","B":"autonomic","C":"enteric","D":"central"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":150,"id":"ap1e-12-015","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":12,"chapter":"The Nervous System and Nervous Tissue","review_question":15,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which part of a neuron contains the nucleus?","options":{"A":"dendrite","B":"soma","C":"axon","D":"synaptic end bulb"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":151,"id":"ap1e-12-017","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":12,"chapter":"The Nervous System and Nervous Tissue","review_question":17,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"What type of glial cell is the resident macrophage behind the blood-brain 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Physiology","chapter_no":17,"chapter":"The Endocrine System","review_question":24,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following responses s not part of the fight-or-flight response?","options":{"A":"pupil dilation","B":"increased oxygen supply to the lungs","C":"suppressed digestion","D":"reduced mental activity"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":211,"id":"ap1e-17-026","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":17,"chapter":"The Endocrine System","review_question":26,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The production of melatonin is inhibited by ________.","options":{"A":"declining levels of light","B":"exposure to bright light","C":"the secretion of serotonin","D":"the activity of pinealocytes"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":212,"id":"ap1e-17-028","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":17,"chapter":"The Endocrine 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develops from which embryonic germ layer?","options":{"A":"oral ectoderm","B":"neural ectoderm","C":"mesoderm","D":"endoderm"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":217,"id":"ap1e-18-005","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":18,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: Blood","review_question":5,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following statements about blood is true?","options":{"A":"Blood is about 92 percent water.","B":"Blood is slightly more acidic than water.","C":"Blood is slightly more viscous than water.","D":"Blood is slightly more salty than seawater."},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":218,"id":"ap1e-18-007","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":18,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: Blood","review_question":7,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following plasma proteins is not produced by the liver?","options":{"A":"fibrinogen","B":"alpha globulin","C":"beta globulin","D":"immunoglobulin"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":219,"id":"ap1e-18-009","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":18,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: Blood","review_question":9,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following statements about erythropoietin is true?","options":{"A":"It facilitates the proliferation and differentiation of the erythrocyte lineage.","B":"It is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland.","C":"It is a hemopoietic growth factor that prompts lymphoid stem cells to leave the bone marrow.","D":"Both a and b are true."},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":220,"id":"ap1e-18-011","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":18,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: 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A blood test is likely to reveal ________.","options":{"A":"a hematocrit below 30 percent","B":"hypoxemia","C":"anemia","D":"polycythemia"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"A","right":false},{"n":223,"id":"ap1e-18-017","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":18,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: Blood","review_question":17,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following describes a neutrophil?","options":{"A":"abundant, agranular, especially effective against cancer cells","B":"abundant, granular, especially effective against bacteria","C":"rare, agranular, releases antimicrobial defensins","D":"rare, granular, contains multiple granules packed with histamine"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":224,"id":"ap1e-18-019","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":18,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: Blood","review_question":19,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"A patient has been experiencing severe, persistent allergy symptoms that are reduced when she takes an antihistamine. Before the treatment, this patient was likely to have had increased activity of which leukocyte?","options":{"A":"basophils","B":"neutrophils","C":"monocytes","D":"natural killer cells"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":225,"id":"ap1e-18-021","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":18,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: Blood","review_question":21,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The first step in hemostasis is ________.","options":{"A":"vascular spasm","B":"conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin","C":"activation of the intrinsic pathway","D":"activation of the common pathway"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":226,"id":"ap1e-18-023","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":18,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: Blood","review_question":23,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Hemophilia is characterized by ________.","options":{"A":"inadequate production of heparin","B":"inadequate production of clotting factors","C":"excessive production of fibrinogen","D":"excessive production of platelets"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":227,"id":"ap1e-18-025","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":18,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: Blood","review_question":25,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"People with ABO blood type O ________.","options":{"A":"have both antigens A and B on their erythrocytes","B":"lack both antigens A and B on their erythrocytes","C":"have neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies circulating in their blood plasma","D":"are considered universal recipients"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":228,"id":"ap1e-19-002","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":19,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: The Heart","review_question":2,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following is not important in preventing backflow of blood?","options":{"A":"chordae tendineae","B":"papillary muscles","C":"AV valves","D":"endocardium"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":229,"id":"ap1e-19-004","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":19,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: The Heart","review_question":4,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following lists the valves in the order through which the blood flows from the vena cava through the heart?","options":{"A":"tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar, bicuspid, aortic semilunar","B":"mitral, pulmonary semilunar, bicuspid, aortic semilunar","C":"aortic semilunar, pulmonary semilunar, tricuspid, bicuspid","D":"bicuspid, aortic semilunar, tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":230,"id":"ap1e-19-006","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":19,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: The Heart","review_question":6,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The ________ layer secretes chemicals that help to regulate ionic environments and strength of contraction and serve as powerful vasoconstrictors.","options":{"A":"pericardial sac","B":"endocardium","C":"myocardium","D":"epicardium"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"D","right":false},{"n":231,"id":"ap1e-19-008","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":19,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: The Heart","review_question":8,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"In which septum is it normal to find openings in the adult?","options":{"A":"interatrial septum","B":"interventricular septum","C":"atrioventricular septum","D":"all of the 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and Physiology","chapter_no":19,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: The Heart","review_question":14,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Most blood enters the ventricle during ________.","options":{"A":"atrial systole","B":"atrial diastole","C":"ventricular systole","D":"isovolumic contraction"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":235,"id":"ap1e-19-016","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":19,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: The Heart","review_question":16,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Ventricular relaxation immediately follows ________.","options":{"A":"atrial depolarization","B":"ventricular repolarization","C":"ventricular depolarization","D":"atrial repolarization"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":236,"id":"ap1e-19-018","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":19,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: The Heart","review_question":18,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"The cardiovascular centers are located in which area of the brain?","options":{"A":"medulla oblongata","B":"pons","C":"mesencephalon (midbrain)","D":"cerebrum"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":237,"id":"ap1e-19-020","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":19,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: The Heart","review_question":20,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"What happens to preload when there is venous constriction in the veins?","options":{"A":"It increases.","B":"It decreases.","C":"It remains constant.","D":"There is no way to predict."},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":238,"id":"ap1e-19-022","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":19,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: The 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diarrhea or vomiting is ________.","options":{"A":"hypovolemic shock","B":"anaphylactic shock","C":"obstructive shock","D":"hemorrhagic shock"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":250,"id":"ap1e-20-021","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":20,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation","review_question":21,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following statements is true?","options":{"A":"The left and right common carotid arteries both branch off of the brachiocephalic trunk.","B":"The brachial artery is the distal branch of the axillary artery.","C":"The radial and ulnar arteries join to form the palmar arch.","D":"All of the above are true."},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":251,"id":"ap1e-20-023","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":20,"chapter":"The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and 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phagocytic?","options":{"A":"plasma cell","B":"macrophage","C":"B cell","D":"NK cell"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":255,"id":"ap1e-21-007","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":21,"chapter":"The Lymphatic and Immune System","review_question":7,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the following cells is important in the innate immune response?","options":{"A":"B cells","B":"T cells","C":"macrophages","D":"plasma cells"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":256,"id":"ap1e-21-009","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":21,"chapter":"The Lymphatic and Immune System","review_question":9,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Which of the lymphoid nodules is most likely to see food antigens first?","options":{"A":"tonsils","B":"Peyer’s patches","C":"bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue","D":"mucosa-associated lymphoid 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What other mechanisms are in place to regulate the body temperature?","options":{"A":"shivering","B":"sweating","C":"erection of the hairs on the arms and legs","D":"all of the above"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":312,"id":"ap1e-24-025","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":24,"chapter":"Metabolism and Nutrition","review_question":25,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"A crowded room warms up through the mechanism of ________.","options":{"A":"conduction","B":"convection","C":"radiation","D":"evaporation"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"B","right":false},{"n":313,"id":"ap1e-24-027","book":"Anatomy and Physiology","chapter_no":24,"chapter":"Metabolism and Nutrition","review_question":27,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology","question":"Rickets results in improper bone development in children that arises from the malabsorption of calcium and a deficiency in 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fats have all of the following characteristics except:","options":{"A":"they are solid at room temperature","B":"they have single bonds within the carbon chain","C":"they are usually obtained from animal sources","D":"they tend to dissolve in water easily"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":375,"id":"bio1e-03-012","book":"Biology","chapter_no":3,"chapter":"Biological Macromolecules","review_question":12,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"The monomers that make up proteins are called ________.","options":{"A":"nucleotides","B":"disaccharides","C":"amino acids","D":"chaperones"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":376,"id":"bio1e-03-014","book":"Biology","chapter_no":3,"chapter":"Biological Macromolecules","review_question":14,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"A nucleotide of DNA may contain ________.","options":{"A":"ribose, uracil, and a phosphate group","B":"deoxyribose, uracil, and a phosphate group","C":"deoxyribose, thymine, and a phosphate group","D":"ribose, thymine, and a phosphate group"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":377,"id":"bio1e-04-004","book":"Biology","chapter_no":4,"chapter":"Cell Structure","review_question":4,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"When viewing a specimen through a light microscope, scientists use ________ to distinguish the individual components of cells.","options":{"A":"a beam of electrons","B":"radioactive isotopes","C":"special stains","D":"high temperatures"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":378,"id":"bio1e-04-006","book":"Biology","chapter_no":4,"chapter":"Cell Structure","review_question":6,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Prokaryotes depend on ________ to obtain some materials and to get rid of wastes.","options":{"A":"ribosomes","B":"flagella","C":"cell 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Structure","review_question":16,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which of the following have the ability to disassemble and reform quickly?","options":{"A":"microfilaments and intermediate filaments","B":"microfilaments and microtubules","C":"intermediate filaments and microtubules","D":"only intermediate filaments"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":384,"id":"bio1e-04-018","book":"Biology","chapter_no":4,"chapter":"Cell Structure","review_question":18,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which of the following are found only in plant cells?","options":{"A":"gap junctions","B":"desmosomes","C":"plasmodesmata","D":"tight junctions"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":385,"id":"bio1e-05-004","book":"Biology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"Structure and Function of Plasma Membranes","review_question":4,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which plasma membrane component can be either found on its surface or embedded in the membrane structure?","options":{"A":"protein","B":"cholesterol","C":"carbohydrate","D":"phospholipid"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":386,"id":"bio1e-05-006","book":"Biology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"Structure and Function of Plasma Membranes","review_question":6,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"What is the primary function of carbohydrates attached to the exterior of cell membranes?","options":{"A":"identification of the cell","B":"flexibility of the membrane","C":"strengthening the membrane","D":"channels through membrane"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":387,"id":"bio1e-05-008","book":"Biology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"Structure and Function of Plasma Membranes","review_question":8,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"The principal force driving movement in diffusion is the __________.","options":{"A":"temperature","B":"particle size","C":"concentration gradient","D":"membrane surface area"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":388,"id":"bio1e-05-010","book":"Biology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"Structure and Function of Plasma Membranes","review_question":10,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Active transport must function continuously because __________.","options":{"A":"plasma membranes wear out","B":"not all membranes are amphiphilic","C":"facilitated transport opposes active transport","D":"diffusion is constantly moving solutes in opposite directions"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":389,"id":"bio1e-05-012","book":"Biology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"Structure and Function of Plasma Membranes","review_question":12,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"What is the combination of an electrical gradient and a concentration gradient called?","options":{"A":"potential gradient","B":"electrical potential","C":"concentration potential","D":"electrochemical gradient"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":390,"id":"bio1e-05-014","book":"Biology","chapter_no":5,"chapter":"Structure and Function of Plasma Membranes","review_question":14,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which transport mechanism can bring whole cells into a cell?","options":{"A":"pinocytosis","B":"phagocytosis","C":"facilitated transport","D":"primary active transport"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":391,"id":"bio1e-06-004","book":"Biology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Metabolism","review_question":4,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Energy is stored long-term in the bonds of _____ and used short-term to perform work from a(n) _____ molecule.","options":{"A":"ATP : glucose","B":"an anabolic molecule : catabolic molecule","C":"glucose : ATP","D":"a catabolic molecule : anabolic molecule"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":392,"id":"bio1e-06-006","book":"Biology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Metabolism","review_question":6,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Consider a pendulum swinging. Which type(s) of energy is/are associated with the pendulum in the following instances: i. the moment at which it completes one cycle, just before it begins to fall back towards the other end, ii. the moment that it is in the middle between the two ends, iii. just before it reaches the end of one cycle (just before instant i.).","options":{"A":"i. potential and kinetic, ii. potential and kinetic, iii. kinetic","B":"i. potential, ii. potential and kinetic, iii. potential and kinetic","C":"i. potential, ii. kinetic, iii. potential and kinetic","D":"i. potential and kinetic, ii. kinetic iii. kinetic"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":393,"id":"bio1e-06-008","book":"Biology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Metabolism","review_question":8,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which of the following is the best way to judge the relative activation energies between two given chemical reactions?","options":{"A":"Compare the ∆G values between the two reactions","B":"Compare their reaction rates","C":"Compare their ideal environmental conditions","D":"Compare the spontaneity between the two reactions"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":394,"id":"bio1e-06-010","book":"Biology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Metabolism","review_question":10,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Label each of the following systems as high or low entropy: i. the instant that a perfume bottle is sprayed compared with 30 seconds later, ii. an old 1950s car compared with a brand new car, and iii. a living cell compared with a dead cell.","options":{"A":"i. low, ii. high, iii. low","B":"i. low, ii. high, iii. high","C":"i. high, ii. low, iii. high","D":"i. high, ii. low, iii. Low"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":395,"id":"bio1e-06-012","book":"Biology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Metabolism","review_question":12,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which of the following molecules is likely to have the most potential energy?","options":{"A":"sucrose","B":"ATP","C":"glucose","D":"ADP"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"B","right":false},{"n":396,"id":"bio1e-06-014","book":"Biology","chapter_no":6,"chapter":"Metabolism","review_question":14,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"An allosteric inhibitor does which of the following?","options":{"A":"Binds to an enzyme away from the active site and changes the conformation of the active site, increasing its affinity for substrate binding","B":"Binds to the active site and blocks it from binding substrate","C":"Binds to an enzyme away from the active site and changes the conformation of the active site, decreasing its 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Respiration","review_question":8,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"What do the electrons added to NAD+ do?","options":{"A":"They become part of a fermentation pathway.","B":"They go to another pathway for ATP production.","C":"They energize the entry of the acetyl group into the citric acid cycle.","D":"They are converted to NADP."},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":400,"id":"bio1e-07-010","book":"Biology","chapter_no":7,"chapter":"Cellular Respiration","review_question":10,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"How many NADH molecules are produced on each turn of the citric acid cycle?","options":{"A":"one","B":"two","C":"three","D":"four"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":401,"id":"bio1e-07-012","book":"Biology","chapter_no":7,"chapter":"Cellular Respiration","review_question":12,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Chemiosmosis involves ________.","options":{"A":"the movement of electrons across the cell membrane","B":"the movement of hydrogen atoms across a mitochondrial membrane","C":"the movement of hydrogen ions across a mitochondrial membrane","D":"the movement of glucose through the cell membrane"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":402,"id":"bio1e-07-014","book":"Biology","chapter_no":7,"chapter":"Cellular Respiration","review_question":14,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"A major connection for sugars in glycolysis is ________.","options":{"A":"glucose-6-phosphate","B":"fructose-1,6-bisphosphate","C":"dihydroxyacetone phosphate","D":"phosphoenolpyruvate"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":403,"id":"bio1e-07-016","book":"Biology","chapter_no":7,"chapter":"Cellular Respiration","review_question":16,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"The effect of high levels of ADP is to ________.","options":{"A":"increase the activity of the enzyme","B":"decrease the activity of the enzyme","C":"have no effect on the activity of the enzyme","D":"slow down the pathway"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":404,"id":"bio1e-10-004","book":"Biology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Cell Reproduction","review_question":4,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"A diploid cell has_______ the number of chromosomes as a haploid cell.","options":{"A":"one-fourth","B":"half","C":"twice","D":"four times"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":405,"id":"bio1e-10-006","book":"Biology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Cell Reproduction","review_question":6,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"The first level of DNA organization in a eukaryotic cell is maintained by which molecule?","options":{"A":"cohesin","B":"condensin","C":"chromatin","D":"histone"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":406,"id":"bio1e-10-008","book":"Biology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Cell Reproduction","review_question":8,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Chromosomes are duplicated during what stage of the cell cycle?","options":{"A":"G1 phase","B":"S phase","C":"prophase","D":"prometaphase"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":407,"id":"bio1e-10-010","book":"Biology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Cell Reproduction","review_question":10,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"The mitotic spindles arise from which cell structure?","options":{"A":"centromere","B":"centrosome","C":"kinetochore","D":"cleavage furrow"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":408,"id":"bio1e-10-012","book":"Biology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Cell Reproduction","review_question":12,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Unpacking of chromosomes and the formation of a new nuclear envelope is a characteristic of which stage of mitosis?","options":{"A":"prometaphase","B":"metaphase","C":"anaphase","D":"telophase"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":409,"id":"bio1e-10-014","book":"Biology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Cell Reproduction","review_question":14,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"The chromosomes become visible under a light microscope during which stage of mitosis?","options":{"A":"prophase","B":"prometaphase","C":"metaphase","D":"anaphase"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":410,"id":"bio1e-10-016","book":"Biology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Cell Reproduction","review_question":16,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"At which of the cell cycle checkpoints do external forces have the greatest influence?","options":{"A":"G1 checkpoint","B":"G2 checkpoint","C":"M checkpoint","D":"G0 checkpoint"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":411,"id":"bio1e-10-018","book":"Biology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Cell Reproduction","review_question":18,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"If the M checkpoint is not cleared, what stage of mitosis will be blocked?","options":{"A":"prophase","B":"prometaphase","C":"metaphase","D":"anaphase"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":412,"id":"bio1e-10-020","book":"Biology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Cell Reproduction","review_question":20,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Many of the negative regulator proteins of the cell cycle were discovered in what type of cells?","options":{"A":"gametes","B":"cells in G0","C":"cancer cells","D":"stem cells"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":413,"id":"bio1e-10-022","book":"Biology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Cell Reproduction","review_question":22,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"___________ are changes to the order of nucleotides in a segment of DNA that codes for a protein.","options":{"A":"Proto-oncogenes","B":"Tumor suppressor genes","C":"Gene mutations","D":"Negative regulators"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":414,"id":"bio1e-10-024","book":"Biology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Cell Reproduction","review_question":24,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"A mutated gene that codes for an altered version of Cdk that is active in the absence of cyclin is a(n) _____.","options":{"A":"kinase inhibitor.","B":"tumor suppressor gene.","C":"proto-oncogene.","D":"oncogene."},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":415,"id":"bio1e-10-026","book":"Biology","chapter_no":10,"chapter":"Cell Reproduction","review_question":26,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which eukaryotic cell cycle event is missing in binary fission?","options":{"A":"cell growth","B":"DNA duplication","C":"karyokinesis","D":"cytokinesis"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":416,"id":"bio1e-11-002","book":"Biology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction","review_question":2,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Meiosis produces ________ daughter cells.","options":{"A":"two haploid","B":"two diploid","C":"four haploid","D":"four diploid"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":417,"id":"bio1e-11-004","book":"Biology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction","review_question":4,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"At which stage of meiosis are sister chromatids separated from each other?","options":{"A":"prophase I","B":"prophase II","C":"anaphase I","D":"anaphase II"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":418,"id":"bio1e-11-006","book":"Biology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction","review_question":6,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which of the following is not true in regard to crossover?","options":{"A":"Spindle microtubules guide the transfer of DNA across the synaptonemal complex.","B":"Non-sister chromatids exchange genetic material.","C":"Chiasmata are formed.","D":"Recombination nodules mark the crossover point."},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"A","right":false},{"n":419,"id":"bio1e-11-008","book":"Biology","chapter_no":11,"chapter":"Meiosis and Sexual 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Reproduction","review_question":12,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Fungi typically display which type of life cycle?","options":{"A":"diploid-dominant","B":"haploid-dominant","C":"alternation of generations","D":"asexual"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":422,"id":"bio1e-12-005","book":"Biology","chapter_no":12,"chapter":"Mendel's Experiments and Heredity","review_question":5,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Mendel performed hybridizations by transferring pollen from the _______ of the male plant to the female ova.","options":{"A":"anther","B":"pistil","C":"stigma","D":"seed"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":423,"id":"bio1e-12-007","book":"Biology","chapter_no":12,"chapter":"Mendel's Experiments and Heredity","review_question":7,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Imagine you are performing a cross involving seed color in garden pea plants. What F1 offspring would you expect if you cross true-breeding parents with green seeds and yellow seeds? Yellow seed color is dominant over green.","options":{"A":"100 percent yellow-green seeds","B":"100 percent yellow seeds","C":"50 percent yellow, 50 percent green seeds","D":"25 percent green, 75 percent yellow seeds"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":424,"id":"bio1e-12-009","book":"Biology","chapter_no":12,"chapter":"Mendel's Experiments and Heredity","review_question":9,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"The observable traits expressed by an organism are described as its ________.","options":{"A":"phenotype","B":"genotype","C":"alleles","D":"zygote"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":425,"id":"bio1e-12-011","book":"Biology","chapter_no":12,"chapter":"Mendel's Experiments and Heredity","review_question":11,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"If black and white true-breeding mice are mated and the result is all gray offspring, what inheritance pattern would this be indicative of?","options":{"A":"dominance","B":"codominance","C":"multiple alleles","D":"incomplete dominance"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":426,"id":"bio1e-12-013","book":"Biology","chapter_no":12,"chapter":"Mendel's Experiments and Heredity","review_question":13,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"In a mating between two individuals that are heterozygous for a recessive lethal allele that is expressed in utero, what genotypic ratio (homozygous dominant:heterozygous:homozygous recessive) would you expect to observe in the offspring?","options":{"A":"1:2:1","B":"3:1:1","C":"1:2:0","D":"0:2:1"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":427,"id":"bio1e-12-015","book":"Biology","chapter_no":12,"chapter":"Mendel's Experiments and Heredity","review_question":15,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"The forked line and probability methods make use of what probability rule?","options":{"A":"test cross","B":"product rule","C":"monohybrid rule","D":"sum rule"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":428,"id":"bio1e-13-004","book":"Biology","chapter_no":13,"chapter":"Modern Understandings of Inheritance","review_question":4,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"X-linked recessive traits in humans (or in Drosophila) are observed ________.","options":{"A":"in more males than females","B":"in more females than males","C":"in males and females equally","D":"in different distributions depending on the trait"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":429,"id":"bio1e-13-006","book":"Biology","chapter_no":13,"chapter":"Modern Understandings of Inheritance","review_question":6,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which recombination frequency corresponds to independent assortment and the absence of linkage?","options":{"A":"0","B":"0.25","C":"0.50","D":"0.75"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":430,"id":"bio1e-13-008","book":"Biology","chapter_no":13,"chapter":"Modern Understandings of Inheritance","review_question":8,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which of the following codes describes position 12 on the long arm of chromosome 13?","options":{"A":"13p12","B":"13q12","C":"12p13","D":"12q13"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":431,"id":"bio1e-13-010","book":"Biology","chapter_no":13,"chapter":"Modern Understandings of Inheritance","review_question":10,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Assume a pericentric inversion occurred in one of two homologs prior to meiosis. The other homolog remains normal. During meiosis, what structure, if any, would these homologs assume in order to pair accurately along their lengths?","options":{"A":"V formation","B":"cruciform","C":"loop","D":"pairing would not be possible"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":432,"id":"bio1e-13-012","book":"Biology","chapter_no":13,"chapter":"Modern Understandings of Inheritance","review_question":12,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Abnormalities in the number of X chromosomes tends to have milder phenotypic effects than the same abnormalities in autosomes because of ________.","options":{"A":"deletions","B":"nonhomologous recombination","C":"synapsis","D":"X inactivation"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":433,"id":"bio1e-14-004","book":"Biology","chapter_no":14,"chapter":"DNA Structure and Function","review_question":4,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"If DNA of a particular species was analyzed and it was found that it contains 27 percent A, what would be the percentage of C?","options":{"A":"27 percent","B":"30 percent","C":"23 percent","D":"54 percent"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":434,"id":"bio1e-14-006","book":"Biology","chapter_no":14,"chapter":"DNA Structure and Function","review_question":6,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"DNA double helix does not have which of the following?","options":{"A":"antiparallel configuration","B":"complementary base pairing","C":"major and minor grooves","D":"uracil"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":435,"id":"bio1e-14-008","book":"Biology","chapter_no":14,"chapter":"DNA Structure and Function","review_question":8,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Meselson and Stahl's experiments proved that DNA replicates by which mode?","options":{"A":"conservative","B":"semi-conservative","C":"dispersive","D":"none of the above"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":436,"id":"bio1e-14-010","book":"Biology","chapter_no":14,"chapter":"DNA Structure and Function","review_question":10,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which of the following components is not involved during the formation of the replication fork?","options":{"A":"single-strand binding proteins","B":"helicase","C":"origin of replication","D":"ligase"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":437,"id":"bio1e-14-012","book":"Biology","chapter_no":14,"chapter":"DNA Structure and Function","review_question":12,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"In which direction does DNA replication take place?","options":{"A":"5'-3'","B":"3'-5'","C":"5'","D":"3'"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":438,"id":"bio1e-14-014","book":"Biology","chapter_no":14,"chapter":"DNA Structure and Function","review_question":14,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"During proofreading, which of the following enzymes reads the DNA?","options":{"A":"primase","B":"topoisomerase","C":"DNA pol","D":"helicase"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":439,"id":"bio1e-15-004","book":"Biology","chapter_no":15,"chapter":"Genes and Proteins","review_question":4,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"The AUC and AUA codons in mRNA both specify isoleucine. What feature of the genetic code explains this?","options":{"A":"complementarity","B":"nonsense codons","C":"universality","D":"degeneracy"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":440,"id":"bio1e-15-006","book":"Biology","chapter_no":15,"chapter":"Genes and Proteins","review_question":6,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which subunit of the E. coli polymerase confers specificity to transcription?","options":{"A":"α","B":"β","C":"β'","D":"σ"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":441,"id":"bio1e-15-008","book":"Biology","chapter_no":15,"chapter":"Genes and Proteins","review_question":8,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which feature of promoters can be found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?","options":{"A":"GC box","B":"TATA box","C":"octamer box","D":"-10 and -35 sequences"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":442,"id":"bio1e-15-010","book":"Biology","chapter_no":15,"chapter":"Genes and Proteins","review_question":10,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which pre-mRNA processing step is important for initiating translation?","options":{"A":"poly-A tail","B":"RNA editing","C":"splicing","D":"7-methylguanosine cap"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":443,"id":"bio1e-15-012","book":"Biology","chapter_no":15,"chapter":"Genes and Proteins","review_question":12,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"The RNA components of ribosomes are synthesized in the ________.","options":{"A":"cytoplasm","B":"nucleus","C":"nucleolus","D":"endoplasmic reticulum"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":444,"id":"bio1e-21-004","book":"Biology","chapter_no":21,"chapter":"Viruses","review_question":4,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which statement is true?","options":{"A":"A virion contains DNA and RNA.","B":"Viruses are acellular.","C":"Viruses replicate outside of the cell.","D":"Most viruses are easily visualized with a light microscope."},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":445,"id":"bio1e-21-006","book":"Biology","chapter_no":21,"chapter":"Viruses","review_question":6,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Viruses_______.","options":{"A":"all have a round shape","B":"cannot have a long shape","C":"do not maintain any shape","D":"vary in shape"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":446,"id":"bio1e-21-008","book":"Biology","chapter_no":21,"chapter":"Viruses","review_question":8,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which statement is true of viral replication?","options":{"A":"In the process of apoptosis, the cell survives.","B":"During attachment, the virus attaches at specific sites on the cell surface.","C":"The viral capsid helps the host cell produce more copies of the viral genome.","D":"mRNA works outside of the host cell to produce enzymes and proteins."},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":447,"id":"bio1e-21-010","book":"Biology","chapter_no":21,"chapter":"Viruses","review_question":10,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Oncogenic virus cores can be_______.","options":{"A":"RNA","B":"DNA","C":"neither RNA nor DNA","D":"either RNA or DNA"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":448,"id":"bio1e-21-012","book":"Biology","chapter_no":21,"chapter":"Viruses","review_question":12,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"A bacteriophage can infect ________.","options":{"A":"the lungs","B":"viruses","C":"prions","D":"bacteria"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":449,"id":"bio1e-21-014","book":"Biology","chapter_no":21,"chapter":"Viruses","review_question":14,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Vaccines_______.","options":{"A":"are similar to viroids","B":"are only needed once","C":"kill viruses","D":"stimulate an immune response"},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":450,"id":"bio1e-21-016","book":"Biology","chapter_no":21,"chapter":"Viruses","review_question":16,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which statement is true of viroids?","options":{"A":"They are single-stranded RNA particles.","B":"They reproduce only outside of the cell.","C":"They produce proteins.","D":"They affect both plants and animals."},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":451,"id":"bio1e-22-004","book":"Biology","chapter_no":22,"chapter":"Prokaryotes: Bacteria and Archaea","review_question":4,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"The first forms of life on Earth were thought to be_________.","options":{"A":"single-celled plants","B":"prokaryotes","C":"insects","D":"large animals such as dinosaurs"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"B","right":false},{"n":452,"id":"bio1e-22-006","book":"Biology","chapter_no":22,"chapter":"Prokaryotes: Bacteria and Archaea","review_question":6,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"The first organisms that oxygenated the atmosphere were","options":{"A":"cyanobacteria","B":"phototrophic organisms","C":"anaerobic organisms","D":"all of the above"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":453,"id":"bio1e-22-008","book":"Biology","chapter_no":22,"chapter":"Prokaryotes: Bacteria and Archaea","review_question":8,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"The presence of a membrane-enclosed nucleus is a characteristic of ________.","options":{"A":"prokaryotic cells","B":"eukaryotic cells","C":"all cells","D":"viruses"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":454,"id":"bio1e-22-010","book":"Biology","chapter_no":22,"chapter":"Prokaryotes: Bacteria and Archaea","review_question":10,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"The cell wall is ________.","options":{"A":"interior to the cell membrane","B":"exterior to the cell membrane","C":"a part of the cell membrane","D":"interior or exterior, depending on the particular cell"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":455,"id":"bio1e-22-012","book":"Biology","chapter_no":22,"chapter":"Prokaryotes: Bacteria and Archaea","review_question":12,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Prokaryotes stain as Gram-positive or Gram-negative because of differences in the cell _______.","options":{"A":"wall","B":"cytoplasm","C":"nucleus","D":"chromosome"},"textbook_key":"A","model_answer":"A","right":true},{"n":456,"id":"bio1e-22-014","book":"Biology","chapter_no":22,"chapter":"Prokaryotes: Bacteria and Archaea","review_question":14,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"The lipopolysaccharide layer (LPS) is a characteristic of the wall of ________.","options":{"A":"archaean cells","B":"Gram-negative bacteria","C":"bacterial prokaryotic cells","D":"eukaryotic cells"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":457,"id":"bio1e-22-016","book":"Biology","chapter_no":22,"chapter":"Prokaryotes: Bacteria and Archaea","review_question":16,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Prokaryotes that obtain their energy from chemical compounds are called _____.","options":{"A":"phototrophs","B":"auxotrophs","C":"chemotrophs","D":"lithotrophs"},"textbook_key":"C","model_answer":"C","right":true},{"n":458,"id":"bio1e-22-018","book":"Biology","chapter_no":22,"chapter":"Prokaryotes: Bacteria and Archaea","review_question":18,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Plants use carbon dioxide from the air and are therefore called _____.","options":{"A":"consumers","B":"producers","C":"decomposer","D":"carbon fixers"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true},{"n":459,"id":"bio1e-22-020","book":"Biology","chapter_no":22,"chapter":"Prokaryotes: Bacteria and Archaea","review_question":20,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which of the statements about biofilms is incorrect?","options":{"A":"Biofilms are considered responsible for diseases such as cystic fibrosis.","B":"Biofilms produce dental plaque, and colonize catheters and prostheses.","C":"Biofilms colonize open wounds and burned tissue.","D":"All statements are incorrect."},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":460,"id":"bio1e-22-022","book":"Biology","chapter_no":22,"chapter":"Prokaryotes: Bacteria and Archaea","review_question":22,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Which of these occurs through symbiotic nitrogen fixation?","options":{"A":"The plant benefits from using an endless source of nitrogen.","B":"The soil benefits from being naturally fertilized.","C":"Bacteria benefit from using photosynthates from the plant.","D":"All of the above occur."},"textbook_key":"D","model_answer":"D","right":true},{"n":461,"id":"bio1e-22-024","book":"Biology","chapter_no":22,"chapter":"Prokaryotes: Bacteria and Archaea","review_question":24,"source_url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/biology","question":"Bioremediation includes _____.","options":{"A":"the use of prokaryotes that can fix nitrogen","B":"the use of prokaryotes to clean up pollutants","C":"the use of prokaryotes as natural fertilizers","D":"All of the above"},"textbook_key":"B","model_answer":"B","right":true}]}